24考研英语：长难句分析
1. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.(2018年英语一Text4)
重点词汇：fundamentally adv. 根本的，从根本上
USPS abbr. 美国邮政署(United States Postal Service)
squeeze n. 挤压，压榨
permanently adv. 永久地，长期不变地
bread-and-butter adj. 实用的，基本的
regulatory adj. 管理的
flexibility n. 灵活性
断句：Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze //between technological change //that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, //and a regulatory structure //that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.
语法分析：句首副词Fundamentally作状语;主干为the USPS is in a historic squeeze主系表结构，主语是the USPS，系动词是is，表语是in a historic squeeze;between technological change and a regulatory structure为介词短语作后置定语，修饰squeeze;that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail为定语从句，修饰technological change;that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality为定语从句，修饰regulatory structure。
难点分析：此句难点在于含有多个定语从句，导致句子变长，提取出between A and B结构，有利于理清句子结构。
翻译：从根本上，美国邮政署正处于一个历史性的挤压之中，一方面技术变化已经永久地降低了其基本产品和一类信件的需求，另一方面管理结构拒绝给予管理层灵活性，来让运营适用于新的现实。
2. It is against that background that the Information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.(2018年英语一Text3)
重点词汇：commissioner n. 理事，委员
verdict n. 结论;裁定
NHS abbr. 英国国家医疗服务体系(National Health Service)
hand over 交出;移交
vague adj. 模糊的;含糊的;不明确的;
agreement n. 协议;同意，一致
privacy n. 隐私
断句：It is against that background //that the Information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict// against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, //which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement// which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.
语法分析：It is against that background that…为强调句型，强调状语;主干为the Information commissioner has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust， under the NHS为状语;which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement为定语从句，修饰the Royal Free hospital trust;which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy，修饰agreement。
难点分析：此句难点在于强调句型的识别，以及定语从句及其修饰对象的判断。
翻译：正是在那种背景下，信息委员伊丽莎白·德纳姆(Elizabeth Denham)在英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS)下发布了她对皇家免费医院信托(Royal Free hospital trust)的定罪裁决，2015年，皇家免费医院信托基于一个模糊的协议，将160万病人的记录交给了DeepMind，而协议对于病人的权利和他们对于隐私的期待考虑甚少。
